All new products. All best sellers. Cart: 0 product products empty. Welcome Log in Home contact sitemap Your Account. ACI Information on material properties, design, installation, quality control, and maintenance of FRP systems used as external reinforcement is presented. This information can be used to select an FRP system for increasing the strength, stiffness, or both, of reinforced concrete beams or the ductility of columns and other applications. A significant body of research serves as the basis for this guide.
This research, conducted since the s, includes analytical studies, experimental work, and monitored field applications of FRP strengthening systems. Based on the available research, the design procedures outlined herein are considered conservative. The durability and long-term performance of FRP materials has been the subject of much research; however, this research remains ongoing. Proper use of this document includes periodically checking for errata for the most up-to-date revisions.
ACI committee documents are intended for the use of individuals who are competent to evaluate the significance and limitations of its content and recommendations and who will accept responsibility for the application of the material it contains. Individuals who use this publication in any way assume all risk and accept total responsibility for the application and use of this information. ACI and its members disclaim liability for damages of any kind, including any special, indirect, incidental, or consequential damages, including without limitation, lost revenues or lost profits, which may result from the use of this publication.
It is the responsibility of the user of this document to establish health and safety practices appropriate to the specific circumstances involved with its use. ACI does not make any representations with regard to health and safety issues and the use of this document.
The user must determine the applicability of all regulatory limitations before applying the document and must comply with all applicable laws and regulations, including but not limited to, United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration OSHA health and safety standards. Phone: Fax: www. Ackers Richard D. Gaynor Colin L. Luciano Luke M. Barringer Thomas M. Greene Allyn C. Luke Patrick J.
Sullivan F. Haddad Stephen S. Brown Kal R. Hindo Richard E. Miller Michael A. Castles Robert S. Jenkins Venkataswamy Ramakrishnan Roger E. Vaughan James E. Cook Alfred L. Kaufman Jr. Reddy Woodward L. Dilly William F. Kepler David N. Werner II Donald E. Dixon Michael L. Leming James M. Shilstone Jr. Information derived from such procedures is valuable Chapter 1—Introduction, p.
This guide discusses variations that occur 1. Chapter 2—Notation and definitions, p. This document is intended for the use of individuals who are competent to evaluate the strength significance and limitations of its content and recommendations 3. The American Concrete Institute disclaims any and all responsibility for the stated principles. The Institute shall not be liable for any loss or damage arising therefrom.
Reference to this document shall not be made in contract ACI R supersedes R and was adopted and published April Chapter 5—Criteria, p. The characteristics of 5. Statistical procedures provide valuable tools when evaluating Chapter 6—Evaluation of data, p.
Information derived from them is also 6. This 6. Random sampling is when each 7. Natrella , Box et al. Procedures described are ASTM D discuss the need for random sampling, and applicable to the compressive strength test results required provide a useful short table of random numbers.
Statistical concepts described are applicable for the analysis 1. Chapter 4 materials. This guide assumes that the concrete test results presents the statistical tools that are used to analyze and conform to a normal distribution. Chapters 5 and 6 review statistically- Canada require routine sampling of concrete and fabrication based specifications. They are molded and cured 2.
If the concrete is so deviation from average range Table 4. Variability in strength-producing properties of the concrete termed swithin-batch mixture and production process, some causes of which are listed under the batch-to-batch variations in Table 3.
Definitions provided herein largely governed by the water-cementitious material ratio complement that resource. Because the quantity sample of concrete. There is an inverse relationship between strength individually does not constitute, a test result. The air content of a normal distribution—a frequently occurring natural specific concrete mixture can vary depending on variations in distribution that has predictable properties.
The analysis of constituent materials, extent of mixing, and ambient site strength test results presented in this guide assumes that the conditions. For good concrete control, the entrained air test results under consideration are normally distributed.
Although this assumption is reasonable, it is not always the The temperature of fresh concrete affects the amount of case; users should check the actual distribution of the data to water needed to achieve the proper consistency and ensure it is reasonably close to normally distributed. In addition, the concrete temperature single cylinder strength— also known as individual during the first 24 hours of curing can significantly affect strength is the compressive strength of a single cylinder later-age strengths of the concrete.
The known performance of admixtures at normal temperatures within-batch range—the difference between the may be different at extremely low or high temperatures. The maximum and minimum strengths of individual concrete performance of an admixture when used by itself may be specimens that comprise one strength test result.
Sometimes different if it is used in combination with another admixture. When referring to a test of two Construction practices can cause variations of in-place cylinders, the within-batch range is sometimes called the strength due to inadequate mixing, improper consolidation, pair-difference. Laboratory equipment and Batch-to-batch variations Within-batch variations procedures should be calibrated and checked periodically.
Variations in characteristics and Improper sampling from the batch Testing personnel should be trained ACI Certified Technicians proportions of ingredients: sample. Variations in placing, and one cylinder. Figure 4. Download preview PDF. Skip to main content. This service is more advanced with JavaScript available. Advertisement Hide. Conference paper First Online: 11 October Keywords Shear strengthened FRP sheets prestressed concrete beam design guidelines. This is a preview of subscription content, log in to check access.
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